PROSE
- is a form of language which applies ordinary grammatical structure and natural flow of speech rather than rhythmic structure (as in traditional poetry). While there are critical debates on the construction of prose, its simplicity and loosely defined structure has led to its adoption for the majority of spoken dialogue, factual discourse as well as topical and fictional writing.
A. Novel - a long prose narrative that describes fictional characters and events, usually in the form of a sequential story.
B. Short Story - a brief work of literature, usually written in narrative prose.
C. Plays - a form of literature written by a playwright, usually consisting of scripted dialogue between characters, intended for theatrical performance rather than just reading.
D. Legend - (Latin, legenda, "things to be read") is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude.
E. Fable - a literary genre. A fable is a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects or forces of nature which are anthropomorphized (given human qualities such as verbal communication), and that illustrates or leads to an interpretation of a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be added explicitly in a pithy maxim.
F. Anecdote - a short and amusing or interesting account, which may depict a real incident or person.Sometimes humorous, anecdotes are not jokes, because their primary purpose is not simply to evoke laughter, but to reveal a truth more general than the brief tale itself, or to delineate a character trait in such a light that it strikes in a flash of insight to its very essence.
G.Essay - (Latin, legenda, "things to be read") is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude.
H. Biography - or simply bio is a detailed description or account of a person's life. It entails more than basic facts (education, work, relationships, and death) - a biography also portrays a subject's experience of these events.
I. News - the communication of selected[1] information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third-party or mass audience.
J. Oration - a speech delivered in a formal and dignified manner.
K. Mythology - refer either to a collection of myths (a mythos, e.g.,) or to the study of myths. a sacred narrative explaining how the world and humankind assumed their present form, although, in a very broad sense, the word can refer to any traditional story.
L. Parable - is a succinct, didactic story, in prose or verse, which illustrates one or more instructive lessons or principles. It differs from a fable in that fables employ animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature as characters, whereas parables have human characters. A parable is a type of analogy.
INGREDIENT OF PROSE
A. Characters and Characterization - is the art of creating characters for a narrative.[1] It is a literary element and may be employed in dramatic works of art or everyday conversation. Characters may be presented by means of description, through their actions, speech, or thoughts.
B.Setting - the historical moment in time and geographic location in which a story takes place, and helps initiate the main backdrop and mood for a story.
C. Plot - a literary term defined as the events that make up a story, particularly as they relate to one another in a pattern, in a sequence, through cause and effect, how the reader views the story, or simply by coincidence.
D. Theme - the central topic a text treats.Themes can be divided into two categories: a work's thematic concept is what readers "think the work is about" and its thematic statement being "what the work says about the subject".
E. Point of View - or narrative mode, the perspective of the narrative voice; the pronoun used in narration.
J. Oration - a speech delivered in a formal and dignified manner.
K. Mythology - refer either to a collection of myths (a mythos, e.g.,) or to the study of myths. a sacred narrative explaining how the world and humankind assumed their present form, although, in a very broad sense, the word can refer to any traditional story.
L. Parable - is a succinct, didactic story, in prose or verse, which illustrates one or more instructive lessons or principles. It differs from a fable in that fables employ animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature as characters, whereas parables have human characters. A parable is a type of analogy.
INGREDIENT OF PROSE
A. Characters and Characterization - is the art of creating characters for a narrative.[1] It is a literary element and may be employed in dramatic works of art or everyday conversation. Characters may be presented by means of description, through their actions, speech, or thoughts.
B.Setting - the historical moment in time and geographic location in which a story takes place, and helps initiate the main backdrop and mood for a story.
C. Plot - a literary term defined as the events that make up a story, particularly as they relate to one another in a pattern, in a sequence, through cause and effect, how the reader views the story, or simply by coincidence.
D. Theme - the central topic a text treats.Themes can be divided into two categories: a work's thematic concept is what readers "think the work is about" and its thematic statement being "what the work says about the subject".
E. Point of View - or narrative mode, the perspective of the narrative voice; the pronoun used in narration.
POETRY
- a "making", seen also in such terms as "hemopoiesis"; more narrowly, the making of poetry) is a form ofliterary art which uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.
1. NARRATIVE- this includes poems that tells stories like.
- Ballad - the narration of a story in poetry form. Shortest of the narrative form.
- Metrical Tale - a series of events or facts told or presented.
- Epic - a story about the heroic deeds of an individual written in verse.
- SONG - usually refers to song lyrics that have been set to music for a fee.
- SONNET - is a poem of an expressive thought or idea made up of 14 lines, each being 10 syllables long.
- ELEGY - a poem expressing sorrow or lamentation for one who is dead.
- ODE - a poem usually mark by exaltation of feeling and style. it is used to praise a leader or memorialize an occasion.
- LULLABIES - a soothing refrain, specifically a song to quite down children lull them to sleep.
3. DRAMATIC POETRY - includes plays which are written in verse.
- Dramatic Monologue -a literary work in which a character reveals himself in a dramatic sketch perform my himself alone.
- Soliloquy - the act of talking to one self.
- Character Sketch - a poem dramatizes the attributes or features that make up and distinguish an individual.
- Prose Poetry - a narrative in poetry form.
- Diction - words used to describe experiences in poetry.
- Imagery - a poet shares his experience with the reader through vivid images. Poet is painting a picture in words and he suggest colors, sounds, and movements.
- Language of Comparison -a poet's language moved from literal to metaphorical language.
- Symbol - is an image of one thing that stands for another.
- Rhythm - is the result of systematically expressing or accenting words and syllables.
- Rhyme - repeats similar sounds some apparent scheme.
- Theme - a central idea of the poem.
